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| Coup d'Etat Diem, Ngo Dinh |  |
| 11th Nov Survives a Coup by a group of paratroopers, agres to free elections but later reneges |
| Coup d'Etat Dong, Pham Van | |
| 11th Nov Leads a failed attempt by paratroopers to besiege the Palace of President Diem |
| Diplomacy Bowles, Chester |  |
| Advises Kennedy that sth east Asia & Vietnam should be treated as neutral |
| Diplomacy Kennedy, John Fitzgerald | |
| Geneva At Geneva refuses to accept the neutrality of Sth Vietnam |
| Washington Agrees to a "neutral & independent" Laos at Geneva |
| Washington Warned by de Gaulle that Vietnam is a "bottomless military & political swamp" |
| Diplomacy Lansdale, Edward | |
| Advises Kennedy that aid to Sth Vietnam's President Diem should be increased |
| Flexible Response Taylor, Maxwell | |
| Advises Kennedy to adopt a policy of "flexible response" toward counterinsurgency |
| Military Aid Sth Vietnam Kennedy, John Fitzgerald | |
| Washington Increases personnel in Sth Vietnam to over 16,000 & permits them to go into combat |
| NLF Chi-Minh, Ho | |
| Announces the creation of the National Liberation Front in Sth Vietnam |
| Creates a broad front to overthrow President Diem |
