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| 1527 | Birth |  |
| 21st April Valladolid Birth of Philip II |
| 1540 | Rule of Milan | |
| Milan Given the Government of Milan |
| 1543 | Marriage | |
| 13th Nov Madrid Marries Maria of Portugal, 1st of 4 wives |
| 1545 | Death | |
| 8th July Death of Maria of Portugal, a few weeks after giving birth to Carlos |
| 1554 | Diplomacy | |
| Madrid Sends de Feria to Elizabeth I to arrange a marriage, the mission fails |
| 1554 | Marriage | |
| 20th July Southampton Arrives in Southampton on his way to marry Mary I |
| 25th July Winchester Mary I marries her cousin the future Philip II of Spain, in Winchester cathedral |
| 19th Aug London Philip & Mary are greeted with a pageantry in the City of London after their marriage |
| 23rd Aug Greenwich Philip returns to Spain |
| 1554 | Rule of Naples | |
| Naples Given the Government of Naples & Sicily |
| 1554 | Rule of Sicily | |
| Sicily Given the Government of Naples & Sicily |
| 1555 | Plot | |
| Dec Prompted by Philip II wishing to be crowned King of England |
| 1555 | Rule of Holland | |
| Madrid Philip II is given the government of The Netherlands by his father Charles V |
| 1555 | Succession | |
| Burgundy Succeeds as Duke of Burgundy |
| Dec Philip II supports Elizabeth's succession to the English throne to stop Mary of Scots |
| 1556 | Abdication | |
| Philip II retains Spain, Italy & The Netherlands |
| 1556 | Constitution | |
| Madrid Given the Government of Spain |
| 1556 | Declaration of War | |
| Nov Spain & France go to war |
| 1556 | Rebellion | |
| Madrid Jesuits begin a Counter-Reformation, alienating Protestants & Catholics |
| 1556 | Succession | |
| Madrid Succeeds as King of Spain, only son of Emperor Charles V & Isabella of Portugal |
| 1557 | Battle of St Quentin | |
| St Quentin Philip II defeats the forces of Henry II of France & drives the French out of Italy |
| 1557 | Declaration of War | |
| June Philip II persuades his wife Mary I to declare war on France |
| 1557 | Diplomacy | |
| Mar Philip II visits England to arrange marriage between Elizabeth I & Emmanuel Philibert |
| 1557 | Invasion of France | |
| Invades northern France with a force of 50,000 including 7,000 English |
| 1557 | Invasion of Italy | |
| St Quentin Philip II defeats the forces of Henry II of France & drives the French out of Italy |
| 1557 | Marriage | |
| Mar Philip II visits England to arrange marriage between Elizabeth I & Emmanuel Philibert |
| 1558 | Death | |
| 17th Nov Death of Mary I |
| 1559 | Capital | |
| Madrid Rules from Madrid for the rest of his reign |
| 1559 | Couai University | |
| Couai A Papal Bull establishes the foundation of the University of Couai at Walloon Flanders |
| 1559 | Regency | |
| Madrid Appoints Margaret of Austria, the Duchess of Parma & his half sister, as Regent |
| 1559 | Rule of Franche Comte | |
| 3rd April Franche Comte Under the treaty of Treaty Cateau-Cambresis Spain retains Franche-Comte |
| 1559 | Rule of Holland | |
| Madrid Appoints Granvelle to head the Council of State which governs the Netherlands |
| 1559 | Rule of Milan | |
| 3rd April Milan Under the treaty of treaty Cateau-Cambresis Spain retains Milan |
| 1559 | Rule of Naples | |
| 3rd April Naples Under the treaty of treaty Cateau-Cambresis Spain retains Naples |
| 1559 | Rule of Sicily | |
| 3rd April Sicily Under the treaty of treaty Cateau-Cambresis Spain retains Sicily |
| 1559 | Treaty of Cateau Cambresis | |
| 3rd April Cateau Cambresis Ends the war between the Valois of France & the Habsburg Empire |
| 3rd April Cateau Cambresis Henry II's sister marries Emmanuel Comte de Savoy |
| 3rd April Cateau Cambresis Philip II marries Henry II's daughter Elizabeth |
| 3rd April Cateau Cambresis Spain retains Franche-Comte, Milan, Naples & Sicily |
| 1560 | Marriage | |
| 27th June Madrid Marries Elizabeth of Valois , daughter of Henry II of France |
| 1561 | Capital | |
| Madrid Philip II makes Madrid the capital of Spain |
| 1561 | Rule of Holland | |
| Madrid A Papal Bull enables further rule of the Netherlands from Madrid |
| 1563 | Resignation | |
| William I resigns from the Dutch Council of State over Philip's Hispanicization |
| 1564 | Council Trent | |
| Madrid Enacts the Council of Trent in The Netherlands |
| 1564 | Diplomacy | |
| Madrid Sends his Ambassadoe de Silva to visit Elizabreth I & to rally Catholic support |
| 1564 | Resignation | |
| Madrid Accepts the resignation of Graneville from the Council of State in The Netherlands |
| 1565 | Capture of Philippines | |
| Spain occupies the Philippines |
| 1565 | Diplomacy | |
| Madrid Sends a subsidy to Mary Queen of Scots, it is shipwrecked off the Northumbrian Coast |
| 1565 | Reform | |
| Replies to William's appeal for toleration in The Netherlands by attacking heresy |
| 1566 | Rebellion | |
| Aug Flanders Riots break-out in southern Flanders |
| 1567 | Battle of Oosterweel | |
| 13th Mar Oosterweel The Calvinists are defeated |
| 1567 | Invasion of Holland | |
| Sends an Army led by the Duke of Alba into The Netherlands |
| 1567 | Oath | |
| Governess Margaret of Parma demands the Dutch nobles to swear an oath of allegiance |
| 1567 | Rebellion | |
| Brussells The war begins after religious persecution & centralization of Government in Brussels |
| 1567 | Siege of Tournai | |
| Aug Tournai Tournai surreders to the Spanish, the ringleaders are executed |
| 1567 | Siege of Valenciennes | |
| Aug Valenciennes Valenciennes surreders to the Spanish, the ringleaders are executed |
| 1568 | Arrest | |
| Has his son Carlos arrested |
| 1568 | Death | |
| 24th July Death of Carlos , Philip's son, 7 months after being arrested |
| 1568 | Plot | |
| Philip II accuses his son Carlos of sedition & trying to usurp the throne |
| 1570 | Marriage | |
| 12th Nov Madrid Marries Anne Maria of Austria, daughter of Emperor Maximilian II |
| 1570 | Rebellion | |
| Madrid Defeats the revolt & expels the Moriscos from Spain |
| 1573 | Battle of Zuiderzee | |
| 11th Oct Zuiderzee A Spanish fleet on the Zuiderzee is defeated by the Watergeuzen |
| 1576 | Pacification Ghent | |
| 8th Nov Ghent The "Pacification of Ghent" is signed between the nth & sth of the Netherlands |
| 1576 | Siege of Antwerp | |
| 4th Nov Antwerp Philip's troops become undisciplined due to lack of pay & sack Antwerp |
| 1577 | Edict Eternal Edict | |
| Feb Vatican The Governor of The Netherlands signs the Eternal Edict to evacuate the Spanish Army |
| 1580 | Battle of Alcantara | |
| Alcantara Spain defeats Portugal at Alcantara & captures the country |
| 1580 | Capture of Portugal | |
| Alcantara Spain defeats Portugal at Alcantara & captures the country |
| 1580 | Invasion of Portugal | |
| Spain invades Portugal, led by the Duke of Alva |
| 1580 | Rule of Portugal | |
| Alcantara Spain defeats Portugal at Alcantara & captures the country |
| 1580 | Siege of Alcantara | |
| Alcantara Spain defeats Portugal at Alcantara & captures the country |
| 1581 | Capture of Portugal | |
| Captures Portugal |
| 1583 | Spanish Armada | |
| 29th Dec Madrid Begins making plans for the Armada on England by gathering plans, maps & intelligence |
| 1584 | Escorial | |
| Escorial Completes the construction of the Escorial |
| 1585 | Invasion of England | |
| It is believed that Queen Mary's supporters will not offer resistance |
| Plans the Armada |
| Reports suggest 12 English counties are Protestant |
| Reports suggest the old nobility will rally to the Catholics |
| 1588 | Invasion of England | |
| At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parma's army & invade south east England |
| 1588 | Spanish Armada | |
| At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parma's army & invade south east England |
| The Armada is attacked by 200 English ships, assisted by the Dutch navy, in the North Sea at Gravelines , a fire-ship attack drives the Armada ships from their anchorage, and in the ensuing battle the Spanish abandon their rendezvous with Parma |
| The Armada is blown north up the east coast of England and attempts a return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and out into the Atlantic, past Ireland but very severe weather destroys a portion of the fleet, and more than 24 vessels are wrecked |
| The Armada is sent to suppress English support for the United Provinces, part of the Spanish Netherlands, and to cut off attacks against Spanish possessions in the New World and the Atlantic treasure fleets |
| The expedition is supported by Pope Sixtus V, with the promise of a subsidy should it make land |
| May The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de Baz n, but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place |
| 28th May An army of 30,000 men atands in the Spanish Netherlands waiting for the fleet to arrive, the plan is to land the original force in Plymouth and transfer the land army to somewhere near London, mustering 55,000 men |
| 28th May The Armada, with around 130 ships, 8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers, 1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns, sets sail from Lisbon in Portugal, heading for the English Channel |
| 30th May It takes until May 30 for all of the Armada to leave port and, on the same day, Elizabeth's ambassador in the Netherlands, Dr Valentine Dale, meets Parma's representatives to begin peace negotiations |
| 17th July Peace negotiations are abandoned |
| 1589 | Invasion of France | |
| 2nd Sep Madrid Intervenes in the French civil war against the Protestant Henry IV |
| 1596 | Capture of Calais | |
| Calais Captures Calais |
| 1598 | Death | |
| 13th Sep Madrid Death of Philip II |
| 13th Sep Madrid Dies at the Escorial Palace leaving Spain in financial straits |
| 1598 | Rule of Artois | |
| 2nd May Artois Under the treaty of Vervis Spain keeps Artois |
| 1598 | Rule of Charololais | |
| 2nd May Charololais Under the treaty of Vervis Spain keeps Charololais |
| 1598 | Rule of Flanders | |
| 2nd May Flanders Under the treaty of Vervis Spain keeps Flanders |
| 1598 | Rule of Picardy | |
| 2nd May Picardy Under the treaty of Vervis Spain cedes Picardy to France |
| 1598 | Treaty of Vervins | |
| 2nd May Vervins Ends 3 years of war with Henry II of France |
| 2nd May Vervins Spain keeps Flanders , Artois & Charololais but must leave Picardy |
