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| 1054 | Leo IX |  |
| 16th July Civitate After Byzantium fails to support the Pope the "Universal" Church splits |
| 1324 | John XXII | |
| 22nd May Sachsenhausen Louis IV of Bavaria declares for the independence of the Empire |
| 22nd May Bavaria Louis IV of Bavaria declares for the independence of the Empire in the Appeal of Sachs enhausen |
| 1848 | Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| Milan Fights the Austrians in Milan but forced into Switzerland |
| 12th Dec Arrives in Rome after being invited by revolutionary government |
| 1849 | Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| 30th April Rome Repels a French attack on Rome |
| 30th April Rome Repulses a French attack on Rome |
| 9th May Palestrina Defeats the Neapolitans at Palestrina |
| 19th May Velletri Defeats the Neapolitans at Velletri |
| 29th June Rome Rome capitulates & Garibaldi retreats to Venice |
| 3rd July Velletri The French attack Velletri & enter the city |
| 3rd July Rome The French enter Rome & Garibaldi withdraws the 4,000 republican army to San Marino |
| 3rd July San Marino Withdraws his army across the Apennines to San Marino |
| Aug Forced into exile in South America |
| 1859 | Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| 26th May Varese Wins a victory over the Austrians |
| 1862 | Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| Rome Lands in southern Italy with an army to take over the papal states |
| 1867 | Garibaldi, Guisseppe | |
| 3rd Nov Mentana Despite personal leadership by Garibaldi himself, French and Papal troops defeat Garibaldians |
| 1896 | Crispi, Francesco | |
| 26th Oct Addis Ababa Under the Treaty of Addis Ababa Italy recognizes Abyssinian independence |
| 1929 | Victor Emmanuel III | |
| Vatican City Agrees to the Vatican Concordat & recognizes the sovereignty of the Vatican City |
| 1937 | Mussolini, Benito Amilicare Andrea | |
| 2nd Jan Mussolini signs an agreement with Britain to preserve the independence of Spain |
| 1960 | Fanfani, Amintore | |
| 26th June Italian Somaliland declares independence from Italian-administration |
| 1996 | Bossi, Umberto | |
| May Mantua Proclaims the opening of the Padania, the "Parliament of the North" |
| Sep Padania Proclaims the independence of Padania, northern Italian states, in Venice |
