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Harold II
History of England

              


1022
Birth
Birth of Harold II, son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex
1045
Peerage
Created Earl of East Anglia
1051
Exile
Harold accompanies hist father, Godwin, into exile
1052
Exile
Harold returns from exile & helps restore his father, Godwin
1053
Chief Minister
Appointed Adviser to brother-in-law Edward the Confessor after the death of Godwin
Appointed Chief Minister
1053
Death
Death of Godwin, Harold's father, succeeds as Earl of Wessex
15th April Death of Godwin, Harold Godwineson succeeds to the Earldom of Wessex
1053
Peerage
Created Earl of Wessex, 2nd most powerful person after the King
1053
Succession
Claims Edward renounced his succession to William in favor of him on his deathbed
Succeeds his father Earl Godwin as Earl of Wessex
1058
Peerage
Created Earl of Hereford
1063
Rebellion
Harold allies with his brother Tostig of Northumbria to subdue Wales
Harold subdues Gwynedd, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, who had conquered all of Wales
1063
Succession
Wessex Succeeds as King of England
Wessex The Witan elects Harold & William prepares to invade
1064
Arrest
Handed over by Guy de Ponthieu to William I the Conqueror at the latter's order
Eu Handed over by Guy de Ponthieu to William I the Conqueror at the latter's order
Pas de Calais Held for ransom by the Count of Ponthieu after being found shipwrecked off France
1064
Marriage
Harold II marries Aldith, daughter of the Earl of Mercia & former wife of Gruffydd
1064
Oath
Bayeux Crosses the Channel & is captured, rescued by William & supports his succession
Bayeux Harold allegedly swears an oath supporting William I's claim to the English throne
Bayeux Harold allegedly swears an oath to William supporting his claim to the English throne
1064
Ransom
Pas de Calais Held for ransom by the Count of Ponthieu after being found shipwrecked off France
1064
Shipwreck
Ponthieu Harold II is shipwrecked off Normandy at Ponthieu
Pas de Calais Held for ransom by the Count of Ponthieu after being found shipwrecked off France
1065
Marriage
Nov Agrees to marry Ealdgyth, sister of Edwin & Morcar to gain support for his accession
1065
Rebellion
Northampton Harold takes a message from King Edward for Northumbrian rebels to make peace
Nov Northumbria Drives Tostig into alliance with King Harald Hardrada ("Hard Reign") of Norway
Nov Northumbria Sent to mediate with the rebels by Edward but Tostig is exiled
Nov Northumbria Supports Northumbrian rebels against his brother Tostig who replaced him with Morcar
1065
Succession
28th Dec London Edward tells Harold "I commend Edith & all the kingdom to your protection"
1066
Battle of Fulford
20th Sep Fulford Hadraada & Tostig defeat Edwin & Morcar then capture York
1066
Battle of Hastings
11th Oct Battle Marches from London with about 5,000 men in an effort to surprise the Norman invaders
13th Oct Battle Arrives in Battle after 58 mile march from London which had taken its toll in infantry
13th Oct Caldbec Hill Arrives in Battle after marching 58 miles from London
13th Oct Battle Harold & his armies assemble near Battle after Harold has marched 58 miles from London
14th Oct Battle Harold is killed in batlle
14th Oct Telham Hill Harold loses his element of surprise & the Normans attack
14th Oct Senlac Hill Hears of William's advance & forms a defensive position on Senlac ridge
14th Oct Battle The battle takes place just 3 days after the battle of Stamford Bridge
14th Oct Battle Victory goes to the Normans whose cavalry overcomes the Anglo Saxon foot soldiers
1066
Battle of Stamford Bridge
25th Sep Stamford Bridge Defeats Hardrada & his brother Tostig, near York, Hardrada & Tostig are killed
1066
Burial
Believes William I buries Harold II on the sea-shore
Waltham Abbey Ealdgyth buries her former husband at Waltham Abbey
1066
Coronation
6th Jan Westminster Abbey Crowned King of England, on the same day Halley's comet is seen, an ominous portent
6th Jan Westminster Abbey Harold ignores the oath made to William Duke of Normandy in 1064
6th Jan Westminster Abbey Ignores the oath made to William Duke of Normandy in 1064
1066
Death
5th Jan London Death of Edward, he nominates Harold his successor on his deathbed
14th Oct Hastings Death of Harold II, killed at the battle of Hastings
1066
Exile
Isle of Wight Hadrada is rumoured to be in in Isle of Wight preparing for an invasion
1066
Halley's Comet
Halley's comet is seen over England, a portent of great things to happen
1066
Invasion of England
Isle of Wight Hadrada is rumoured to be in in Isle of Wight preparing for an invasion
Tyne Harald III Hardrada arrives with an invasion fleet of 300 ships
Sandwich Harold mobilizes to confront Tostig at the Isle of Wight but Tostig lands in the north
Isle of Wight Lands on the Isle of Wight to confront William the Conqueror but he does not arrive
Humber Tostig invades the coast with a fleet of 60 ships but is defeated by Edwin
Humber Tostig is forced to seek proptection in Scotland
May Isle of Wight Assembles forces "larger than any king had assembled before in this country"
8th Sep York Forced to disband his army & order his fleet back to London
1st Oct York Hears news of the Norman landing while at a banquet in York
2nd Oct Wessex Marches south as soon as he hears of William's landing
6th Oct London Arrives in London from York in an attempt to head off the Norman invasion
11th Oct Sussex Downs Gathers his forces & leaves for the Sussex Downs to cut William off from his ships
1066
Succession
After Edward's death William asks Harold to honour his oath to him, Harold refuses
6th Jan Harold Godwinson is chosen by the Witan to succeed Edward the Confessor
6th Jan Succeeds as King of England

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