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Edward III
History of England

              

1312
Baptism
17th Nov Windsor Castle Baptized in the old chapel of St Edward in Windsor Castle
1312
Birth
13th Nov Windsor Castle Birth of Edward III, son of Edward II & Isabella of France
1312
Peerage
24th Nov Chester Created Earl of Chester
1312
Rebellion
The King's favourite Piers Gaveston is captured & executed
1318
Restoration
Leake A treaty signed at Leake between Edward & the Barons restores Edward II to the throne
1318
Treaty of Leake
Leake A treaty signed at Leake between Edward & the Barons restores Edward II to the throne
Leake Provides a standing Council to advise King & Parliament to observe the "ordinances"
1325
Peerage
Ponthieu Created Count of Ponthieu
Gascony Created Duke of Gascony
1326
Invasion of England
Sep Orwell Edward III lands in Suffolk with Isabella's invasion fleet
Sep Dordecht Edward III sails with Isabella's invasion fleet
1326
Keeper Realm
Appointed Keeper of the Realm by the magnates
1326
Succession
26th Oct Succeeds as King of England
1327
Arrest
Tower of London Held at the Tower of London by Roger de Mortimer
1327
Burial
Gloucester Attends Edward II's burial & builds an impressive baroque shrine where his father lies
1327
Diplomacy
Berwick Edward's sister Joan marries Robert the Bruce's heir, David, at Berwick
Recognizes Robert the Bruce as King of Scotland
1327
Marriage
Berwick Edward's sister Joan marries Robert the Bruce's heir, David, at Berwick
1327
Regency
25th Jan London Placed under the dual control of a regency Council of Barons led by Henry of Lancaster
1327
Succession
25th Jan Court is dominated by Roger de Mortimer while Edward is held at the Tower of London
25th Jan Succeeds as King of ngland, age 14 at his succession
1328
Independence
Edinburgh The treaty of Edinburgh recognizes Scottish independence under Robert I
Northampton The treaty of Northampton ratifies Scottish independence
1328
Invasion of France
Edward's claim to the French throne is used to launch an attack
1328
Marriage
24th Jan York Marries Philippa of Hainault, daughter of William I Count of Hainault, in York Minster
1328
Succession
Charles IV dies, Edward claims the French throne through his mother, Charles ' sister
Edward's claim to the French throne is used to launch an attack
Succeeds as King of England, full succession to the throne
1328
Treaty of Edinburgh
Edinburgh The treaty of Edinburgh is ratified in England by the treaty of Northampton
Edinburgh The treaty of Edinburgh recognizes Scottish independence under Robert I
1328
Treaty of Northampton
Northampton The English agree to return the Stone of Scone & surrender the Ragman Roll
Northampton The treaty of Edinburgh is ratified in England by the treaty of Northampton
Northampton The treaty of Northampton provides for marriage between Edward's sister Joan & Bruce's son David
Northampton The treaty of Northampton ratifies Robert the Bruce's Scottish throne & acknowledges Robert the Bruce's victory in the Scottish War of Independence
1329
Death
London Robert I dies, Edward Is free to support the House of Balliols against the Bruces
1329
Homage
Amiens Pays homage to Philip at Amiens
1330
Arrest
Oct Has Mortimer executed
19th Oct Nottingham Arrests Mortimer in the Queen Mother's Chamber Nottingham Castle
20th Oct Kings Lynn Edward III arrests his mother & keeps her at Castle Rising for the rest of her life
20th Oct Kings Lynn Keeps his mother, Isabella, imprisoned in Norfolk for the rest of her life
1330
Parliament
20th Oct London Takes the government into his own hands & sends out writs summoning a new Parliament
1330
Succession
20th Oct Assumes personal rule & keeps his mother, Isabella, imprisoned in Norfolk
20th Oct Succeeds as King of England
1330
Trial
Tries Thomas Berkeley for the assassination of Edward II but he is found innocent
1333
Battle of Halidon Hill
19th July Halidon Hill Defeats the Scots led by Archibald Douglas
19th July Halidon Hill One of the first uses of the English longbow
19th July Halidon Hill Revenge for Edward II's defeat at Bannockburn
19th July Halidon Hill The Scots lose 70 Lords including Earl Douglas & the Earl of Mar
1333
Capture of Berwick
Berwick Captures Berwick-upon-Tweed in suppoprt of Edward Balliol
1333
Lord Paramount Scotland
Appointed Lord Paramount of Scotland
1333
Siege of Berwick
Berwick Captures Berwick-upon-Tweed in suppoprt of Edward Balliol
1333
Siege of Newcastle
Newcastle The Scots capture Newcastle
1334
Diplomacy
London Philippe VI announces that the English invasion of Scotland must stop
Acquitaine Philippe VI says peace in Aquitaine must include peace in Scotland
1334
Exile of Edward III
Chƒteau Gaillard Philip VI of France offers to bring David II and his court to France for asylum, and in May they arrive in France, setting up a court-in-exile at Chƒteau-Gaillard in Normandy
1334
Homage
19th June London Edward Balliol agrees to pay Edward III homage
1334
Invasion of Scotland
Edward III invades again in 1334, but he accomplishes little and retreats in February 1335 due to bad weather
1335
Guardian
July Following Edward's return to England, the remaining leaders of the Scots resistance choose Sir Andrew Murray as Guardian
1335
Invasion of England
Isle of Wight A State of Emergency declared in face of imminent French invasion
1335
Invasion of Scotland
Feb Edward III invades again in 1334, but he accomplishes little and retreats in February 1335 due to bad weather
July Edward III and Edward Balliol return again in July with an army of 13,000, and advance through Scotland, first to Glasgow and then Perth, where Edward III installs himself
1335
Peace
Benedict XII saves the Crusade by getting England to agree a 6 month truce
England & France unite for the Crusade after France has no need to ally with Scotland
Murray negotiates a truce with Edward until April 1336, during which time, various French and Papal emissaries attempt to negotiate a peace between the two countries
1335
Siege of Glasgow
July Glasgow Edward III and Edward Balliol return again in July with an army of 13,000, and advance through Scotland, first to Glasgow and then Perth, where Edward III installs himself
1335
Siege of Perth
July Perth Edward III and Edward Balliol return again in July with an army of 13,000, and advance through Scotland, first to Glasgow and then Perth, where Edward III installs himself
July Perth Some Scots leaders, including the Earl of Atholl and the High Steward submit themselves to Edward III at Perth
1336
Invasion of Scotland
Returns from Scotland because of a threat of invasion by the French
The invasion is called off because of rumors of a French fleet sailing for Scotland
1337
Capture of Gascony
Gascony Philip IV captures Gascony from Edward III
1337
Declaration of War
Antwerp Edward III crosses to Antwerp & invades France beginning the Hundred Years war
Paris The Bishop of Lincoln challenges "Philippe, who calls himself King of France"
1337
Immigration
London Invites the Flemings to England who establish a cloth indistry
1337
Invasion of France
Antwerp Edward III crosses to Antwerp & invades France beginning the Hundred Years war
Invades the main ally of Scotland
1337
Oath
Amiens Revokes the oath of Amiens which recognized Philip VI's rule over Aquitaine
1337
Reform
London Abbeys must sell their silver plate & towns must tax their traders & citizens
London Parliament raises taxes to 10th of all "movables" & a 15th of the value of all lands
London Raises a scutage to finance a professionally led army not manned by volunteers
1337
Rule of Aquitaine
Amiens Revokes the oath of Amiens which recognized Philip VI's rule over Aquitaine
1337
Siege of Antwerp
Antwerp Edward III crosses to Antwerp & invades France beginning the Hundred Years war
1337
Succession
7th Oct Casts doubt on the legitamacy of Philip of France & claims the throne for himself
1338
Alliance
Flanders Flemish weavers support Edward's claim to the French throne after a commercial treaty
Koblenz Gains the support of the Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV in his claim to the French throne
16th July Orwell Sails from Orwell to Antwerp then marches to Koblenz to join the German Allies
1338
Declaration of War
6th May Cancels the truce with France after the attack on Portsmouth & the Isle of Wight
1338
Succession
7th Oct Proclaims himself King of England & France
1338
Treaty of Flanders
Flanders Flemish weavers support Edward's claim to the French throne after a commercial treaty
1339
Invasion of France
Invades France for the 1st time, without success
1340
Alliance
26th Jan Flanders Edward III allies himself with the Flemish towns
1340
Battle of Sluys
24th June Sluys Wins a naval victory over the French fleet to transport his forces across to France
1340
Budget
Florence Florentine bankers agree to finance Edward III
1340
Invasion of England
Isle of Wight French raid gains ground at St Helens before being repulsed
1340
Invasion of France
Edward launches a campaign in Northern France
30th Nov Edward returns to England
1340
Invasion of Loire
River Loire Philip VI invades the English fiefs South of the Loire
1340
Peace
30th Nov London Returns to England after agreeing a truce with France
1340
Succession
26th Jan Assumes the title of King of France
26th Jan Claims the French throne from his mother who is heiress of her brother Charles IV
1340
Treaty of Esplechin
Esplechin The cost of the war leads Edward III to sign a truce with Philip VI
1341
Capture of Newcastle
Newcastle The Scots capture Newcastle
1341
Rule of Brittany
Brittany Edward III supports John de Montfort, Philip VI supports Charles de Blois
Brittany The Duke of Brittany dies leading to a war of succession
1343
Alliance
Brittany Philip supports Charles of Blois , Edward supports de Montfort
1344
Conference of Avignon
Avignon Edward bids for Gascony but the conference ends without a settlement
Avignon Presided over by Pope Clement
1345
Alliance
Brittany The 2 year Dynastic War in Brittany ends in a truce
1346
Arrest
4th Sep Neville's Cross David II is taken prisoner at the battle of Neville's Cross
17th Oct Tower of London Imprisoned in the Tower & ransomed for œ100,00
1346
Battle of Crecy
26th Aug Crecy 20,000 English bowmen & infantry defeat Philip's army of 60,000
26th Aug Crecy Edward III marches on Calais which surrenders & is used as a base for further attacks
1346
Battle of Neville's Cross
4th Sep Neville's Cross David II is taken prisoner
4th Sep Calais Edward's forces are in Calais
4th Sep Neville's Cross The Scots attack but are defeated by the Archbishop of York, de la Zouche
1346
Capture of Caen
27th July Caen Captures Caen on the River Orne which blocks his way to Crecy
1346
Invasion of France
Isle of Wight Edward III sets sail from St Helens to invade Normandy
July Porchester Sets sail with 9,000 archers, 4,000 infantry & 2,000 cavalry for a 2nd invasion
12th July Normandy Lands with an army of men-at-arms & bowmen on the Conten Peninsula, Normandy
16th Aug Poissy Finds a repairable bridge at Poissy near Paris & crosses it
1346
Invasion of Gascony
12th July La Hogue Lands at la Hogue after the siege of Aigullon, to relieve Gascony, Flanders & Brittany
1346
Invasion of Normandy
Isle of Wight Edward III sets sail from St Helens to invade Normandy
1346
Retreat Edward III
22nd Aug River Somme Philip destroys the Somme bridges but a ford is crossed & Edward retreats to Flanders
1346
Siege of Calais
4th Sep Calais Begins the siege of Calais
1346
Siege of Seine
16th Aug River Seine The lower Seine bridges have been destroyed, Edward could be stranded
1347
Capture of Calais
Calais England captures Calais
4th Aug Calais Calais falls after a year long siege
4th Aug Calais Defeats Philip VI by biding time & overcoming superior forces, a truce is then signed
1347
Peace
28th Sep Signs a truce with Philip IV
1348
Knights of the Garter
23rd April London Establishes the Knights of the Garter
1350
Plague
The population of England is 1/2 of that in 1315
1351
Battle of Taillebourg
8th April Taillebourg Defeats a French army invading Gascony
8th April Taillebourg Guy de Nesle, Marshal of France, is captured by the English & ransomed
1351
Statute Provisors
London Deems Edward as "patron paramount" of the English Church against control by the Pope
1352
Invasion of Scotland
Called Burnt Candlemas because, the Feast of the Purification of the Virgin
Invades Scotland from the Tweed to the Forth
1354
Treaty of Guines
Guines Offered Poitou, Aquitaine, Anjou, Maine Touraine & Calais for the French throne
Guines The treaty is not ratified because Edward III will not give up the French throne
1355
Birth
Birth of Thomas Woods tock son of Edward III & Philippa of Hainault
1355
Lieutenant Gascony
9th Sep Gascony Edward the Black Prince is appointed Lieutenant in Gascony, he departs for Gascony to take up duties
1355