Biographies A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q-R S T U-V W-Z Events A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q-R S T U-V W-Z General A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q-R S T U-V W-Z Places A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q-R S T U-V W-Z General Crimean War  Alliance Italy France Naples War  Alliance Italy  Invasion Naples  Rule Locarno  Rule Lugano  Rule Ossola  Siege Milan Government Fascist Party  Alliance Italy  Chief Police Tamburini  Diplomacy Italy  Marriage Ciano, Galeazzo  Marriage Ciano  Minister Foreign Affairs  Minister Interior  Republican Guard  Secretary Fascist Party  Secretary Press & Prop Ciano Government Nazionale Falange  Alliance Italy  Ambassador France Guariglia  Ban Political Parties  Ban Strikes  Bombing Corfu  Capture Corfu  Committee Action  Conference Munich  Conference Nyon  Constitution Italy  Coup d'Etat Italy  Dictatorship Mussolini  Diplomacy Italy  Economy Italy  Election Italy  Election Mussolini  Incident Corfu  Invasion Albania  Invasion Corfu  Invasion Ethiopia  League Nations Membership  Pact Steel  Parliament Opening  Plot Mussolini  Prime Minister Italy  Reform Franchise  Rule Tangiers  Siege Rome  Statute Tangiers  Treaty Italy Pope  Treaty Lateran Treaty  Treaty Versailles House  Abdication Umberto II  Abdication Victor EmmanueI  Abdication Victor Emmanuel  Abolition Monarchy  Alliance Italy  Assassination Berengar II  Assassination Umberto I  Battle Adowa  Birth Umberto I  Birth Victor Emmanuel  Concordat Papacy  Death Berengar II  Death Umberto I  Death Victor Emmanuel  Declaration Martial Law  Diplomacy Italy  Dissolution Monasteries  Exile Adelbert  Independence Vatican City  Invasion Papal States  Rule Assab  Rule Massawa  Rule Nice  Rule Rome  Rule Savoy  Rule Venetia  Succession Adalbert  Succession Berengar II  Succession Berengar I  Succession Guy Spoleto  Succession Hugh Arles  Succession Lambert  Succession Lothar  Succession Louis  Succession Rudolf  Succession Umberto II  Succession Umberto I  Succession Victor Emmanuel  Triple Alliance  Unification House Savoy  Abdication Charles  Alliance Italy  Birth Amedeo, Luigi  Death Amedeo, Luigi  Rebellion Jacobites  Succession Charles Emmanuel  Succession Charles Felix I  Viceroy Sardinia Charles Felix I Military  Admiral Amedeo  Alliance Italy  Arrest Capello  Arrest Colonna  Battle Fornovo  Birth Capello, Luigi Attilio  Birth Colonna, Prospero  Capture Geneva  Capture Monferrato  Chief Staff  Commander Bomber Squadron  Commander in Chief  Commander VI Corps  Committee National Liberation  Field Marshal  Head Delegation Badoglio  Lieutenant Capello  Party Secretary Scorza  Party Sectretary Vidussoni  Patriarch Constantinople Morotinople  Peerage Badoglio  Prime Minister Italy  Siege Anagni  Siege Rome  Supreme Council Ciano  Unification  Viceroy Ethiopia Badoglio Norman Invasion Wars  Alliance Italy  Arrest Leo IX  Battle Civitella  Declaration War  Independence Byzantium Roman Catholic Church  Abdication Benedict IX  Abdication Constantine  Abdication Frederick II  Abdication Otto IV  Abolition Great Schism  Absolution Frederick I  Absolution Henry II  Alliance Italy  Anti Pope Alexander V  Anti Pope Benedict X  Anti Pope Boniface VII  Anti Pope Eulalius  Anti Pope Felix II  Anti Pope Hippolytus  Anti Pope Honorius II  Anti Pope Novatian  Appeal Sachsenhausen  Archbishop Acerenza  Archbishop Bari  Archbishop Benevento  Archbishop Bologna  Archbishop Casena  Archbishop Manfredonia  Archbishop Milan  Arrest Benedict VI  Arrest Clement VII  Assassination Farnese  Balimore See  Ban Jesuits  Ban Lutheranism  Baptism Cynegils  Battle Foggia  Battle Nocera  Birth Benedict XIV  Birth Benedict XVI  Birth Benedict XV  Birth Celestine V  Birth Innocent IV  Birth John XXII Italy Italy  Birth Martin V Italy Italy  Bishop Anconia  Bishop Lucca  Bishop Milan  Bishop Nicastro  Bishop Rozzano  Bishop Savona  Bishop Siena  Bishop Theodosia  Bishop Trieste  Bishopric Tours  Bull Summis Desiderantes  Burial Fabian  Canonization Becket  Canonization Charlamagne  Canonization Gabriel  Canonization Joan Arc  Canonization Margaret Mary  Capture Tuscany  Capuchin Order  Cardinal Alexander V  Cardinal Benedict XIII  Cardinal Benedict XI  Cardinal Benedict XIV  Cardinal Benedict XVI  Cardinal Benedict XV  Cardinal Bishop Alexander VI  Cardinal Bishop Ostia Alexander IV  Cardinal Crivelli  Cardinal Deacon Adrian V  Cardinal Innocent IX  Cardinal John XXII  Cardinal Pius XII  Cardinal Pius XI  Censorship Books  Chancellor Italy  Colloquy Regensburg  Concordat Bologna  Concordat Papacy  Concordat Worms  Consecration Boniface IV  Consecration Chinese Bishops  Consecration St Peter's  Constitution England  Constitution Papal States  Conversion Lithuania  Conversion to Christianity Germany  Coronation Benedict VIII  Coronation Charles V  Coronation Honorius III  Coronation John XIX  Coronation Paul II  Coronation Pius VII  Coronation Stephen II  Coronation Stephen IV  Council Constance  Council Lateran  Council Lyon  Council Nicene  Council Rome  Council Trent  Council Worms  Dean Benedict XVI  Death Adrian III  Death Adrian V  Death Alexander III Italy  Death Benedict VI  Death Benedict XIV  Death Benedict XV  Death Boniface I  Death Boniface IV  Death Boniface VIII  Death Celestine I  Death Celestine V  Death Damasus II  Death Fabian  Death Farnese Italy  Death Gregory IX  Death Gregory VII  Death Gregory XI  Death Innocent I  Death Innocent IV  Death John Paul I  Death Leo X Italy  Death Marcellus II  Death Otto I Italy  Death Paul VI Italy  Death Pius II Italy  Death Savonarola  Death Stephen II  Declaration 95 Theses  Declaration Papal Supremacy  Declaration War  Decree Council Baltimore  Diet Worms  Diplomacy Italy  Education Aquinas  Election Innocent IV  Election Leo IX  Election Pius IX  Encyclical Pius XII  Encyclical Pius XI  Epistle Corinthians  Excommunication Conrad IV  Excommunication Elizabeth I  Excommunication Henry IV  Excommunication Henry VIII  Excommunication Joan I  Excommunication John  Excommunication Louis IV  Excommunication Luther  Excommunication Manfred  Excommunication Napoleon  Excommunication Otto IV  Excommunication Pelegius  Execution Benedict VI  Execution Savonarola  Exile Alexander III  Exile Becket Italy  Exile Innocent IV  Exile Martin I  Exile William Ockham  Franciscans  General Order  Governor Fano  Governor Riete  Honour Nenry VIII  Inauguration Benedict XVI  Independence Bavaria  Independence Empire  Inquisition  Interdict England  Legate England Adrian V  Magna Carta  Maria Rotonda  Marriage Henry VIII  Marriage Paul III  Marriage William I  Mendicant Orders  Mission England  Mission Germany  Oath Paul V  Occupation Papal St  Papal Bull Boniface VIII  Papal Bull  Papal Bull Nicholas II  Papal Bull Paul III  Papal Bull Plenary Ind  Papal Bull Venerabilem  Papal Nuncio Gregory I the Great  Peace Italy  Pilgrimage Tostig  Plot Paul VI  Pontificate Boniface VII  Pope Adrian III  Pope Adrian II  Pope Adrian I  Pope Adrian V  Pope Alexander III  Pope Alexander II  Pope Alexander I  Pope Alexander VI  Pope Alexander V  Pope Anastasius III  Pope Anastasius II  Pope Anastasius I  Pope Anicetus I  Pope Anterus  Pope Benedict III  Pope Benedict II  Pope Benedict I  Pope Benedict IV  Pope Benedict IX  Pope Benedict VIII  Pope Benedict VII  Pope Benedict VI  Pope Benedict V  Pope Benedict XIII  Pope Benedict XI  Pope Benedict X  Pope Benedict XIV  Pope Benedict XVI  Pope Benedict XV  Pope Boniface III  Pope Boniface II  Pope Boniface I  Pope Boniface IV  Pope Boniface IX  Pope Boniface VIII  Pope Boniface VI  Pope Boniface V  Pope Calixtus II  Pope Calixtus I  Pope Celestine II  Pope Celestine I  Pope Celestine V  Pope Clement I  Pope Clement VII  Pope Clement VI  Pope Clement XIII  Pope Clement XII  Pope Clement XI  Pope Clement XIV  Pope Cornelius  Pope Damasus II  Pope Damasus I  Pope Eleutherius  Pope Eugenius III  Pope Eugenius II  Pope Eugenius I  Pope Eugenius IV  Pope Evaristus  Pope Fabian  Pope Gregory III  Pope Gregory II  Pope Gregory I the Great  Pope Gregory IV  Pope Gregory IX  Pope Gregory VIII  Pope Gregory VII  Pope Gregory VI  Pope Gregory V  Pope Gregory XIII  Pope Gregory XII  Pope Gregory XI  Pope Gregory X  Pope Gregory XIV  Pope Gregory XVI  Pope Gregory XV  Pope Honorius III  Pope Honorius I  Pope Hyginius  Pope Innocent III  Pope Innocent II  Pope Innocent I  Pope Innocent IV  Pope Innocent IX  Pope Innocent VIII  Pope Innocent VII  Pope Innocent XIII  Pope Innocent XII  Pope Innocent XI  Pope Innocent X  Pope John III  Pope John II  Pope John I  Pope John IV  Pope John IX  Pope John Paul I  Pope John VIII  Pope John VII  Pope John VI  Pope John V  Pope John XI  Pope John X  Pope John XIV  Pope John XIX  Pope John XVII  Pope John XV  Pope John XXIII  Pope John XXII  Pope Julius II  Pope Landus  Pope Leo IX  Pope Leo XIII  Pope Leo XII  Pope Leo XI  Pope Leo X  Pope Lucius IIII  Pope Lucius II  Pope Lucius I  Pope Marcellus II  Pope Martin I  Pope Martin V  Pope Nicholas II  Pope Nicholas IV  Pope Nicholas V  Pope Paschal III  Pope Paschal II  Pope Paschal I  Pope Paul III  Pope Paul II  Pope Paul I  Pope Paul IV  Pope Paul VI  Pope Paul V  Pope Pius II  Pope Pius I  Pope Pius IX  Pope Pius VIII  Pope Pius VII  Pope Pius VI  Pope Pius V  Pope Pius XII  Pope Pius XI  Pope Pontian  Pope Sergius III  Pope Sergius II  Pope Sixtus I  Pope Soter  Pope Stephen III  Pope Stephen II  Pope Stephen I  Pope Stephen IV  Pope Stephen VII  Pope Stephen VI  Pope Stephen V  Pope Sylvester III  Pope Sylvester IV  Pope Telesphorus  Pope Urban III  Pope Urban II  Pope Urban I  Pope Urban VIII  Pope Urban VII  Pope Urban VI  Pope Victor I  Prefect Benedict XVI  Primacy Rome  Rebellion Carbonari  Rebellion Luther  Reform Calendar  Reform Church  Reform Church  Reform Freemasonry  Reform Inquisition  Reform Investiture  Reform Papacy  Resignation Sylvester III  Restoration Benedict IX  Restoration Jesuits  Roman Catholic Church  Rule Empire  Rule Italy  Rule Naples  Rule Sicily  Rule St Peter  Schism Great Western  Secretary State  Siege Rome  Succession Charles VI  Succession Edmund  Succession Elizabeth I  Succession Henry III  Succession Louis IV  Succession Louis XI  Synod Pavia  Synod Verona  Taxation Crusades  Treaty Lateran Treaty  Treaty Tordessillas  Trial Luther  Truce Christmas  Unification Church  Vicar General Gregory XVI  Vice Dean Benedict XVI World War, 2nd  Abdication Victor Emmanuel  Alliance Italy  Ambassador Vatican Ciano  Armistice Italy  Arrest Ciano  Arrest Mussolini  Arrest Petacci  Battle Benghazi  Battle El Alamein  Battle Florence  Battle Isonzo  Battle Mersa Matruh  Battle Pearl Harbour  Battle Western Desert  Bombing Bardia  Bombing Naples  Bombing Pearl Harbour  Bombing Rome  Bombing Valona  Capture Alto Adige  Capture Pantelleria  Capture Rome  Capture Sardinia  Capture Sicily  Capture Sollum  Capture Trieste  Chief Staff  Commander VI Corps  Committee Liberation  Committee National Liberation  Constitution Italy  Death Ciano, Galeazzo  Death Ciano  Death Mussolini, Benito Amilicare Andrea  Death Mussolini, Bruno  Death Petacci, Clara  Declaration Emergency  Declaration Martial Law  Declaration Neutral Zone  Declaration War  Diplomacy Italy  Dismissal Cavallero  Dismissal Musolini  Dismissal Sicillians Italy  Execution Ciano  Execution Mussolini  Execution Petacci  Exile Brindsi Italy  FSR  Health Mussolini  Invasion Albania  Invasion Egypt  Invasion Greece  Invasion Italy  Invasion Libya  Invasion Malta  Invasion Russia  Invasion Somaliland  Manifesto Fascist Party  Meeting Grand Council  Ministry War  Neutrality  Offensive Caporetto  Operation Sea Lion  Pact Steel  Pact Tripartite  Party Secretary Scorza  Party Sectretary Vidussoni  Peace Italy  Prime Minister Italy  Purge Grand Council  Republic  Resignation Ambrosio  Resignation Badoglio  Resignation Ciano  Resignation Mussolini  Restoration Mussolini  Retirement Capello  Siege Naples  Succession Victor Emmanuel  Supreme Council Ciano  Surrender Axis  Surrender  Treaty Surrender  Tripartite Pact Biographies Alexander VI Cavour Camillo Benso di Charles Emmanuel I Ciano Galeazzo Ciano Clement VII Farinacci Roberto Gregory X Leo IX Mussolini Benito Amilicare Andrea Nicholas II Paul III Paul IV Pius V ephen III ephen IV Victor Emmanuel II Place Berlin Cognac Milan Orvieto Piedmont Rome Vatican

Alliance of Italy History of Italy                0771 Stephen III     Makes an Alliance with Lombard King Desiderius 0816 Stephen IV     Vatican Orders Romans to swear fidelity to Carolingian Emperor Louis I the Pious 1049 Leo IX     Vatican Creates an Alliance with Baldwin V & threatens the Pope's cousin Emperor Henry II 1059 Nicholas II     Confirms Robert Guiscard & Richard of Capua in possession of land in sth Italy 1270 Gregory X     Accompanies Edward I to the Holy Land 1273 Gregory X     Orvieto Edward I is hosted by Gregory X & granted taxes from the clergy for the Crusade s 1495 Alexander VI     Vatican Formed to drive out the French from Naples     Vatican Organizes the Holy League with Milan, Venice & Spain 1526 Clement VII    22nd May Cognac Enters the Holy League of Cognac with France, Venice & Milan against Charles V 1527 Clement VII     Rome The Alliance of the League of Cognac is defeated by Charles V during the Siege of Rome 1545 Paul III     Vatican Guanrantees Charles V 12,000 infantry & 500 cavalry to fight the Protestants 1555 Paul IV     Vatican Allies with France in persuit of his anti-Spanish policy 1570 Pius V     Vatican Forms a Christian Alliance against the Turks 1610 Charles Emmanuel I     Makes an Alliance with France against Spain & Austria 1855 Cavour, Camillo Benso di     Jan Piedmont Sends 10,000 Piedmontese troops to assist the Allies 1866 Victor Emmanuel II    8th April Joins an Alliance with Prussia against Austria 1935 Mussolini, Benito Amilicare Andrea     Mussolini & Laval declare arms limitations & mutual support 1936 Ciano    1st Nov Berlin Signs the Axis agreement in Berlin on behalf of Italy 1936 Ciano, Galeazzo    1st Nov Berlin Signs the Axis agreement in Berlin on behalf of Italy 1936 Mussolini, Benito Amilicare Andrea     Mar Austria, Hungary & Italy sign a Three Power Pac