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| Albert Hall Albert |  |
| London Completion of the Royal Albert Hall |
| Alliance Schwarzenburg, Felix zu |  |
| Prussia will defend Austria if it accepts Prussia within the German Confederation |
| Alliance Manteuffel, Otto von |  |
| Jan Prussia will defend Austria if it accepts Prussia within the German Confederation |
| Ambassador Buol Schauenstein, Karl Ferdinand von | |
| London Appointed Ambassador to Britain |
| Arrest Napoleon III |  |
| 2nd Dec Dissolves the National Assembly & arrests Thiers , Cavaignac & Republican leaders |
| 2nd Dec Dissolves the National Assembly & arrests Thiers , Cavaignac & the Republican leaders |
| Birth Foch, Ferdinand | |
| 2nd Oct Tarbes Birth of Ferdinand Foch |
| Birth Lodge, Oliver | |
| 12th June Birth of Oliver Lodge |
| Commandant Steinmetz, Karl Friedrich von | |
| Berlin Appointed Colonel Commandant of the Cadet School of Berlin |
| Composition Verdi, Giuseppe |  |
| 3rd Nov Venice "Rigoletto" is 1st performed at Venice's Teatro La Fenice |
| Confederation Germany Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| Prussia will defend Austria if it accepts Prussia within the German Confederation |
| Jan Dresden Prussia refuses to allow all of Austria into the German Confederation |
| Conference of Dresden Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| Jan Dresden Prussia refuses to allow all of Austria into the German Confederation |
| Conference of Dresden Manteuffel, Otto von | |
| Jan Dresden Prussia refuses to allow all of Austria into the German Confederation |
| Constitution Franz Josef I | |
| Vienna Preserves centralized authority & destroys local & provincial privileges |
| Vienna Declares the Liberal Constitution of 1849 void |
| Constitution Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| Vienna Causes Francis Joseph to abolish the 1849 constitution |
| Constitution Napoleon III | |
| 2nd Dec The 3rd Republic ends after 3 yrs when President Louis Napoleon makes himself dictator |
| Constitution Manteuffel, Otto von | |
| Jan Prussia will defend Austria if it accepts Prussia within the German Confederation |
| Coup d'Etat Fialin, Jean-Gilbert-Victor | |
| Paris Propagandist in successful attempt by Louis -Napoleon to regain the throne |
| Coup d'Etat Napoleon III | |
| 2nd Dec Dissolves the National Assembly & arrests Thiers , Cavaignac & other republican leaders |
| 2nd Dec The 3rd Republic ends after 3 yrs when President Louis Napoleon makes himself dictator |
| Coup d'Etat Temple, Henry John | |
| 3rd Dec London Meets French Ambassador, Walewski, & congratulates him on Louis Napoleon's Coup d'etat |
| 5th Dec London The Cabinet remains neutral towards Louis Napoleon after his Coup d'etat |
| Crystal Palace Paxton, Joseph | |
| Crystal Palace Designs the Crystal Palace which has almost 300,000 panes of glass |
| Delegate Bismarck-Schonhausen, Otto Furst von | |
| Frankfurt Frederick William appoints Bismarck as Prussia's envoy to the Diet of the German Confederation in Frankfurt |
| Diplomacy Schwarzenburg, Felix zu | |
| Nicholas I warns Austria cannot expect Russian support if France goes to war |
| Diplomacy Temple, Henry John | |
| 3rd Dec London Meets French Ambassador, Walewski, & congratulates him on Louis Napoleon's Coup d'etat |
| 5th Dec London The Cabinet remains neutral towards Louis Napoleon after his Coup d'etat |
| Diplomacy Nicholas I |  |
| Warns Schwarzenburg Austria cannot expect Russian support if France goes to war |
| Discovery of Gold Hargeaves, Edward Hammond |  |
| Bathurst Discovers gold in Bathurst, New South Wales |
| Discovery of Paraffin Young, James | |
| London Patents a means of producing paraffin from the distillation of coal |
| Dismissal Russell | |
| London Dismisses Palmerston as Foreign Secretary for recognizing Napoleon's Coup d'Etat |
| Dismissal Temple, Henry John | |
| Dismissed for unauthorized approval of the Coup in France by Napoleon III |
| Dissolution Nat Assembly Napoleon III | |
| 2nd Dec Dissolves the National Assembly & arrests Thiers , Cavaignac & the Republican leaders |
| Editor Raymond, Henry |  |
| 18th Sep New York 1st Editor of the New York Times |
| Election Napoleon III | |
| 21st Dec Elected President of France for 10 years |
| Exile of Kossuth Kossuth, Lajos |  |
| Seeks exile in Britain & the USA |
| Governor Douglas, James |  |
| Vancouver Appointed Governor of Vancouver |
| Great Exhib Albert | |
| London Lays down architectural plans for the Great Exhibition |
| Grt Exhibition Paxton, Joseph | |
| 1st May Hyde Park Designs the Great Exhibition which is opened at Hyde Park, London |
| Grt Exhibition Victoria | |
| 1st May Hyde Park Opens the Great Exhibition in the Crystal Palace at Hyde Park, London |
| Invention Induction Coil Ruhmkorff, Heinrich Daniel | |
| Invents the high-tension induction coil |
| Kings Cross Cubitt, William | |
| London Designs & builds Kings Cross Railway Station |
| Osbourne House Victoria | |
| Isle of Wight Osbourne house is completed & becomes a royal residence |
| Owen's College Owen, John | |
| Owen's college is opened to local boys |
| Peerage Ashley-Cooper, Anthony | |
| Created Earl of Shaftesbury, 7th |
| President Monagas, Jose Gregorio |  |
| Appointed President of Venezuela |
| Press Reuter, Paul Julius | |
| Reuters News service is started when it moves to London & uses telegraphy |
| Press Bloomer, Amelia Jenks | |
| Ridiculed for wearing "bloomers" |
| Urges reform of women's clothing in her magazine "The Lilley" |
| Press Raymond, Henry | |
| 18th Sep New York Appointed Editor of the New York Times |
| Publication Guizot, Francois-Pierre-Guillaume | |
| Publication of, "Histoire Des Origines Du Government" |
| Publication Gutzkow, Karl Ferdinand | |
| Publication of, "Die Ritter Vom Geiste", the beginning of the German social novels |
| Publication Creasey, Edward Shepherd | |
| Publication of, "Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World" |
| Publication Stowe, Harriet Beecher | |
| Publication of, "Uncle tom's Cabin", 1st serial intsallment |
| Reform Russell | |
| 1st Aug London Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, prohibits Catholic clergy from assuming territorial titles |
| Reform Monagas, Jose Gregorio | |
| Signs the law abolishing slavery |
| Rule of Holy Land Nicholas I | |
| Napoleon III had his ambassador to the Ottoman Empire force the Ottomans to recognize France as the "sovereign authority" in the Holy Land |
| Napoleon III responds with a show of force, sending the ship of the line Charlemagne to the Black Sea, a "clear violation" of the London Straits Convention |
| Russia refers to the treaties of 1757 and 1774, the Ottomans reversed their earlier decision, renouncing the French treaty and insisting that Russia is the protector of the Chris tian faith in the Ottoman Empire |
| Rule of Holy Land Abdulhamid I |  |
| France's show of force, combined with aggressive diplomacy and money, induced Sultan Abdlmecid I to accept a new treaty, confirming France and the Roman Catholic Church as the supreme Chris tian authority in the Holy Land |
| Rule of Holy Land Pasha, Omar | |
| Napoleon III had his ambassador to the Ottoman Empire force the Ottomans to recognize France as the "sovereign authority" in the Holy Land |
| Napoleon III responds with a show of force, sending the ship of the line Charlemagne to the Black Sea, a "clear violation" of the London Straits Convention |
| Russia refers to the treaties of 1757 and 1774, the Ottomans reversed their earlier decision, renouncing the French treaty and insisting that Russia is the protector of the Chris tian faith in the Ottoman Empire |
| Senator Davis, Jefferson | |
| 4th Mar Davis enters his new term as senator from Mississippi |
| Siege of Paris Napoleon III | |
| 2nd Dec Paris Leads an Army, arrests Deputies & the Minister of War & attacks the barracades |
| Succession Rama IV |  |
| Succeeds as King of Thailand |
| Unification Manteuffel, Otto von | |
| Jan Prussia will defend Austria if it accepts Prussia within the German Confederation |
| Victoria & Albert Museum Victoria | |
| Kennsington The profits of the Great Exhibition are used to fund the Victoria & Albert Museum |
