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| Alliance Cromwell, Oliver |  |
| 25th Sep Parliament promises to protect Scottish Presbyterianism |
| Alliance Graham, James |  |
| Oct Charles I turns to Montrose for support who wins most of Scotland for the Royalists |
| Army Cromwell, Oliver | |
| 10th Aug Parliament issues instructions for the impressment of 22,000 in London & the east |
| Battle of Adwalton Moor Cavendish, William | |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor After the battle of Adwalton Moor the royalists occupy the West Riding of Yorkshire |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor Defeats a Parliamentary force under Lord Fairfax |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor The Parliamentary forces are driven back to Hull |
| Battle of Adwalton Moor Fairfax | |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor After the battle of Adwalton Moor the royalists occupy the West Riding of Yorkshire |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor Defeated by the Royalists near Bradford |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor The Parliamentary forces are driven back to Hull |
| Battle of Adwalton Moor Fairfax, Thomas | |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor After the battle of Adwalton Moor the royalists occupy the West Riding of Yorkshire |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor Defeated by the Royalists near Bradford |
| 30th June Adwalton Moor The Parliamentary forces are driven back to Hull |
| Battle of Beacon Hill Henderson, John | |
| 27th Feb Beacon Hill Fights Ballard in an attempt to prevent the Roundheads from capturing Newark |
| Battle of Birmingham Rupert of the Rhine |  |
| Nov Birmingham Rupert of the Rhine fights at the battle of Birmingham |
| Battle of Chalgrove Field Hampden, John | |
| 18th June Chalgrove Field Defeated & killed by Royalists |
| Battle of Chalgrove Field Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 18th June Chalgrove Field Rupert of the Rhine defeats Parliamentary forces near Dorchester then moves on the capture Bristol |
| Battle of Dorchester Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 18th June Chalgrove Field Rupert of the Rhine defeats Parliamentary forces near Dorchester then moves on the capture Bristol |
| Battle of Gainsborough Cromwell, Oliver | |
| 28th July Gainsborough Wins a victory over Royalist forces |
| Battle of Grantham Cromwell, Oliver | |
| 13th May Grantham 1st victory for Cromwell & the Eastern association |
| Battle of Highnam Somerset, Edward | |
| 23rd Mar Highnam Defeated by Waller when defending South Wales for Charles I |
| Battle of Highnam Waller, William | |
| 23rd Mar Highnam Routs the Royalist force of Lord Herbert |
| Battle of Hopton Heath Brereton, William | |
| 19th Mar Hopton Heath Defeated by a Royalist force under the Earl of Northampton & General Henry Hastings |
| 19th Mar Stone Forced to retreat to Stone then back to Cheshire |
| Battle of Hopton Heath Byron, Thomas | |
| 19th Mar Hopton Heath Leads a charge against the Roundheads after Northampton is killed |
| Battle of Hopton Heath Compton, Spencer | |
| 18th Mar Hopton Heath Joins forces with General Hastings prior to the battle of Hopton Heath |
| 19th Mar Hopton Heath Accompanied by three of his sons, marches out with his troops Compton engages Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet and Sir William Brereton at Hopton Heath |
| 19th Mar Hopton Heath Defeats the Roundheads under John Gell & William Brereton but killed in battle |
| Battle of Hopton Heath Gell, John | |
| 19th Mar Chartley Forced to retreat to Chartley & then to Uttoxeter |
| 19th Mar Hopton Heath Defeated by a Royalist force under the Earl of Northampton & General Henry Hastings |
| Battle of Hopton Heath Hastings, Henry | |
| 18th Mar Stafford Joins forces with the Earl of Northampton prior to the battle of Hopton Heath |
| 19th Mar Hopton Heath Helps defeat the Roundheads under John Gell & William Brereton |
| Battle of Jankov Hatzfield | |
| Jankov Defeated & captured by Torstenson |
| Battle of Lansdown Waller, William | |
| 5th July Lansdown Defeated by the Royalists under Hopton |
| Battle of Lichfied Rupert of the Rhine | |
| Nov Lichfied Rupert of the Rhine fights at the battle of Lichfield |
| Battle of Newbury, 1st Byron | |
| 20th Sep Newbury Fights for the defeated Royalists |
| Battle of Newbury Devereux, Robert | |
| 18th Sep Newbury Defeats a Royalist force & is able to move on to Reading |
| 18th Sep Newbury Devereux defeats a Royalist force at Newburn & is able to move on to Reading |
| Battle of Newbury Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 20th Sep Newbury Rupert of the Rhine is defeated by Parliament |
| Battle of Ripple Field Massey, Edward | |
| 13th April Tewkesbury Driven back by Prince Maurice to Tewkesbury |
| Battle of Ripple Field Maurice | |
| 13th April Ripple Field Drives Waller & Massey back to Tewkebury |
| Battle of Ripple Field Waller, William | |
| 13th April Tewkesbury Driven back by Prince Maurice to Tewkesbury |
| Battle of Rocroi Bourbon |  |
| 19th May Rocroi 1st French victory in decades |
| 19th May Rocroi Leads a French army of 23,000 to victory over a Spanish army of 20,000 |
| Battle of Rocroi Enghien | |
| 19th May Rocroi Defeats the Spanish army which is invading France & heading for Paris |
| Battle of Rocroi Louis XIV the Sun King | |
| 19th May Rocroi Victory over Spain gives France hegemony in Europe in place of Spain |
| Battle of Rocroi Mello, Francisco de |  |
| 19th May Rocroi The Spanish army is virtually destroyed |
| Battle of Rocroi Philip IV | |
| 19th May Rocroi Defeat by France gives France hegemony in Europe in place of Spain |
| Battle of Roundway Down Waller, William | |
| 13th July Roundway Dow Defeat by the Royalists under the Earl of Roches ter |
| 13th July Roundway Dow Defeated by the Royalists under Lord Wilmot |
| Battle of Stow Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 1st Sep Stow Rupert of the Rhine attacks Essex's Army |
| Battle of Tuttlingen Mercy | |
| 24th Nov Tuttlingen The Weimar Commander Rantzau is defeated & captured by the Imperial army |
| Battle of Tuttlingen Rantzau, Josias von | |
| 24th Nov Tuttlingen The Weimar Commander Rantzau is defeated & captured by the Imperial army |
| Battle of Winceby Fairfax, Thomas | |
| 10th Oct Winceby Combines with Cromwell & Manchester to check the Governor of Newark |
| Battle of Winceby Montague | |
| 10th Oct Winceby Cromwell's cavalry proves very effective |
| 10th Oct Winceby Defeats the Royalists under Sir John Henderson near Newark |
| Battle of Winceby Henderson, John | |
| 10th Oct Winceby Defeated by Cromwell, Fairfax & Manchester, fails to relieve Bolingbroke Castle |
| Birth Bahadur Shah I |  |
| 14th Oct Burhanpur Birth of Bahadur Shah I, second son of the emperor Aurangzeb through the daughter of Raja Raju |
| Birth Ahmed II |  |
| 25th Feb Birth of Ahmed II |
| Budget Pym, John | |
| London Leads Parliament in taking control of taxation & in raising an unprecedented exise tax |
| Burial Pym, John | |
| 15th Dec Westminster Abbey Buried in Westminster Abbey |
| Capture of Bath Waller, William | |
| July Bath Forced to evacuate Bath after being defeated by the Royalists at Lansdown |
| Capture of Beijing Zicheng |  |
| Beijing Li's rebel army captures Beijing, the last Ming Emperor then hangs himself |
| Capture of Berwick Leslie, Alexander | |
| 20th Sep Berwick The Covenanters capture Berwick |
| Capture of Bristol Waller, William | |
| Mar Bristol Sets up his HQ in Bristol |
| Capture of Bristol Wentworth, Thomas | |
| 26th Aug Bristol Breaks through at Brandon Hill followed by the surrender of Bristol to the Royalists |
| Capture of Bristol Fiennes | |
| 23rd July Bristol Nathaniel Fiennes surrenders Bristol to Rupert of the Rhine |
| Capture of Bristol Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 18th June Chalgrove Field Rupert of the Rhine defeats Parliamentary forces near Dorchester then moves on the capture Bristol |
| 26th July Bristol Rupert of the Rhine captures Bristol, England's 2nd port which becomes the HQ for the Prince of Wales |
| Capture of Cirencester Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 2nd Feb Cirencester Rupert of the Rhine captures Cirencester for the Royalists |
| Capture of Gainsborough Cavendish, William | |
| Gainsborough Moves from the nth to threaten the eastern counties & captures Gainsborough |
| Capture of Gloucester Devereux, Robert | |
| Gloucester Relieves Gloucester for the Parliamentarians |
| Capture of Gloucester Massey, Edward | |
| Gloucester The Governor of Gloucester hands it over to Waller |
| Capture of Gloucester Waller, William | |
| Gloucester The Governor of Gloucester hands it over to Waller |
| Capture of Leeds Fairfax, Thomas | |
| London Captures Leads for the Parliamentarians |
| 23rd Jan Leeds Captures Leads for the Parliamentarians |
| Capture of Lichfield Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 21st April Lichfield Lichfield surrenders to Rupert & the route from York to Oxford is opened for the Queen |
| Capture of Lincoln Montague | |
| Lincoln Lincoln surrenders with a considerable supply of arms |
| Capture of Liverpool Rupert of the Rhine | |
| 11th June Liverpool Captures the earthworks of Liverpool |
| Capture of Newcastle Fairfax, Thomas | |
| 16th Oct Newcastle Helps capture Newcastle for the Parliamentarians |
| Capture of Newport Dyve, Lewis | |
| 6th Oct Newport Pagnell Captures Newport Pagnell for the Royalists |
| Capture of Reading Charles I | |
| Reading The Royalist Reading garrison is handed over to the Roundheads |
| Capture of Reading Devereux, Robert | |
| April Reading Captures Reading for the Parliamentarians & prevents Charles I from reaching London |
| Capture of Reading Feilding, Richard | |
| April Reading Surrenders Reading to the Parliamentarians under Essex |
| Capture of Tewkesbury Massey, Edward | |
| 12th April Tewkesbury Capures Tewkesbury for |
