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| Battle of Lech Tserclaes, Johann |  |
| 16th April Lech Withdraws to Bavaria but is injured holding to crossings of the River Lech |
| Battle of Lutzen John George I |  |
| 16th Nov Lutzen Troops are routed while fighting for the Protestant Alliance & negotiates for peace |
| Battle of Lutzen Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| 16th Nov Lutzen The Imperial Army withdraws & Gustavus is killed in battle |
| Battle of Lutzen Gustavus II Adolphus |  |
| 16th Nov Lutzen Achieves victory but is killed in battle near Leipzig whilst leading a cavalry charge |
| Birth Spinoza, Baruch | |
| Amsterdam Birth of Baruch Spinoza |
| Capture of Bohemia Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| Bohemia After being recalled drives the Swedes out of Bohemia |
| Colonel Baille, William |  |
| Appointed Colonel in the Swedish Army |
| Death Ferdinand II |  |
| 6th Sep With General Tilly dead, Ferdinand II turned to the aid of Wallenstein and his large army |
| Death Percy, Henry |  |
| 5th Nov Pepworth Death of Henry Percy |
| Death Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| With General Tilly dead, Ferdinand II turns to the aid of Wallenstein and his large army |
| Death Tserclaes, Johann | |
| 30th April Ingolstadt Death of Johan Tserclaes Graf von Tilly, wounded holding the River Lech |
| Death Hidetada |  |
| Death of Hidetada |
| Death Gustavus II Adolphus | |
| 16th Nov Lutzen Killed at the battle of Lutzen |
| Death Murad IV |  |
| Has the leader of the Janissaries executed after crushing their rebellion |
| Declaration of War Michael |  |
| Outbreak of war with Poland |
| Election Wladyslaw IV Vasa |  |
| Elected to succeed his father |
| Execution of Montmorency Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis de |  |
| Paris One of the Languedoc rebel leaders, the Duc de Montmorency, is executed |
| Execution of Rejeb Pasha Murad IV | |
| Has the leader of the Janissaries executed after crushing their rebellion |
| General Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von | |
| Appointed Commander of the German forces & almost becomes a Viceroy |
| Head of Regency Oxenstierna Oxenstierna | |
| 16th Nov Stockholm Appointed Head of the Regency after the death of Gustav II |
| Invasion of Poland Wladyslaw IV Vasa | |
| Sep Russia invades Poland |
| Invasion of Poland Michael | |
| Sep Russia invades Poland |
| Rebellion Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis de | |
| 1st Sep Lannguedoc The Lannguedoc rebels are defeated |
| Rebellion Murad IV | |
| Jannissaries Crushes the rebellion of Jannissaries & embarks on a ruthless purge of the traitors |
| Regency Brahe | |
| Stockholm Appointed Regent 1st term |
| Siege of Smolensk Wladyslaw IV Vasa | |
| Smolensk Boris Shein lays siege to Smolensk |
| Siege of Smolensk Shein, Boris | |
| Smolensk Boris Shein lays siege to Smolensk |
| Succession Ladislas IV | |
| Succeeds as the King of Poland |
| Succession Wladyslaw IV Vasa | |
| Succeeds as King of Poland |
| Succession Christina | |
| Stockholm Succeeds as Queen of Sweden |
| Trial Galileo, Galilei |  |
| By the inquisition, forced to deny his belief in the Copernican system |
