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| Admiral Maurice of Nassau |  |
| Breda Appointed Captain of the Union
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| Alliance Elizabeth I |  |
| Sends contingents to support Henry IV in France
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| Alliance Henry III |  |
| Paris Forced into an Alliance with a Huguenot cousin, Henry of Navarre
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| Assassination Henry of Guise | |
| Guise is summoned to attend the King, and is assassinated, his brother Louis II, Cardinal of Guise is assassinated the next day, arouses such outrage among the remaining relatives and allies of Guise that Henry III was forced to flee
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| 23rd Dec Blois Murdered near the king's bedchamber while Henry III hides behind the curtains
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| Battle of Calais Howard, Charles | |
| 19th July Calais An English attack is launched from the Scilly Isles by Lord Howard
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| 8th Aug Calais Sends 8 tarred fireships to attack the Armada where it waits to rendezvous with Parma
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| Battle of Flanders Coast Drake, Francis | |
| 7th Aug Flanders The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
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| Battle of Flanders Coast Howard, Charles | |
| 7th Aug Flanders The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
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| Battle of Flanders Coast Sidonia, Medina |  |
| 7th Aug Flanders The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
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| 7th Aug Flanders The Spanish are unable to reach the coast of Flanders to meet up with the army of the Duke of Parma, Medina Sidonia decides to return to Spain
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| Battle of Gravelines Drake, Francis | |
| 6th Aug Gravelines The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
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| Battle of Gravelines Howard, Charles | |
| 6th Aug Gravelines The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
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| 7th Aug Gravelines On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma
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| Battle of Gravelines Seymour, Henry | |
| 6th Aug Gravelines 16 Spanish ships are captured
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| 6th Aug Gravelines On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma
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| 6th Aug Gravelines Ordered by Lord Howard to patrol Dunkirk & Nieuport
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| 6th Aug Gravelines Prevents Parma making a dash for the English coast
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| 6th Aug Gravelines The Spanish fleet manages to escape to the North Sea due to a sudden squall
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| Battle of Gravelines Perez de Guzman, Alonso | |
| 6th Aug Firth of Forth Perez de Guzman is chased by 2 English ships to the Firth of Forth
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| 6th Aug Flanders A change in wind direction enables Sidona to flee nth west
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| 6th Aug Gravelines Escapes the English by rounding the Orkneys then returning to Spain
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| 6th Aug Gravelines The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
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| Battle of Gravelines Sidonia, Medina | |
| 6th Aug Gravelines The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France
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| Blockade of Flanders Perez de Guzman, Alonso | |
| 6th Aug Flanders 29-30 July, cannot break the blockade where the Armada must refit & obtain ammunition
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| 6th Aug Flanders The Armada is forced to return to Spain via the North Sea & the Atlantic
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| Captain Maurice of Nassau | |
| Breda Appointed Captain of the Union
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| Captain Perez de Guzman, Alonso | |
| Appointed Leader of the Armada,
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| Appointed Commander of the Armada
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| Capture Charles Emmanuel I |  |
| Saluzzo Captures Saluzzo
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| Commander Howard, Charles | |
| Named Commander-in-Chief of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada although he does not directly take charge of the fighting
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| Death Henry of Guise | |
| Death of Henri Guise, assassinated
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| 23rd Dec Paris Death of Henry of Guise, assassinated
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| Departure Corunna Sidonia, Medina | |
| 20th July Corunna The Armada Fleets sets sail from Corunna
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| Diplomacy Elizabeth I | |
| 30th May It takes until May 30 for all of the Armada to leave port and, on the same day, Elizabeth's ambassador in the Netherlands, Dr Valentine Dale, meets Parma's representatives to begin peace negotiations
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| 17th July Negotiations are abandoned
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| 19th July Delayed by bad weather, the Armada is not sighted in England until July 19, when it appears off The Lizard in Cornwall, the news is conveyed to London by a sequence of beacons that had been constructed the length of the south coast of England
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| Discovery of Greenland Frobisher, Martin | |
| Launches an expedition to Greenland
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| Excommunication of Elizabeth I Elizabeth I | |
| Vatican Elizabeth is excommunicated by the Pope for a 2nd time on the eve of the Armada
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| Exile Henry III | |
| Paris Expelled by the Duke of Guise, head of the Catholic League
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| Invasion of England Dudley, Robert | |
| Aug Tilbury Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester maintaines a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the estuary of the River Thames against any incursion up-river towards London
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| Invasion of England Elizabeth I | |
| 19th July Delayed by bad weather, the Armada is not sighted in England until July 19, when it appears off The Lizard in Cornwall, the news is conveyed to London by a sequence of beacons that had been constructed the length of the south coast of England
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| 8th Aug Tilbury Queen Elizabeth visits Tilbury to encourage her forces and gives to them what is probably her most famous speech
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| Invasion of England Philip II | |
| At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parma's army & invade south east England
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| Mobilization Perez de Guzman, Alonso | |
| Spanish ships outnumber English 2:1
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| The Spanish fail to join up due to the Dutch "sea beggars"
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| Naval Commissarry Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de | |
| Seville Appointed Naval Commissary of Seville
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| Siege of Cadiz Drake, Francis | |
| 19th April Cadiz Delays the Armada by 1 year
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| 19th April Cadiz Destroys 36 Spanish ships & intercepts barrel staves intended for the armada
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| 19th April Cadiz Says he has "singed the King's beard"
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| Siege of Paris Henry III | |
| 12th May Paris Day of the Barricades in Paris, Duke Henry of Guise seizes the city, forcing King Henry III to flee
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| Sinking Sidonia, Medina | |
| Channel Falls to Drake's galleons while being chased up the Channel
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| Channel Sunk with 15,000 ducats & 418 sailors & soldiers
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| Channel The San Salvador suddenly explodes while proceeding up the Channel
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| English Channel Falls to Drake's galleons while being chased up the Channel
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| English Channel Sunk with 15,000 ducats & 418 sailors & soldiers
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| English Channel The San Salvador suddenly explodes while proceeding up the Channel
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| Spanish Armada Drake, Francis | |
| 30th July Dodman Point The two fleets sight each other off Dodman Point
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| 30th July Plymouth Drake is waiting in Plymouth with 14 galleons & 50 other vessels
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| Spanish Armada Dudley, Robert | |
| Aug Tilbury Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester maintaines a force of 4,000 soldiers at West Tilbury, Essex, to defend the estuary of the River Thames against any incursion up-river towards London
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| Spanish Armada Elizabeth I | |
| 8th Aug Tilbury I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too
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| 8th Aug Tilbury Queen Elizabeth visits Tilbury to encourage her forces and gives to them what is probably her most famous speech
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| Spanish Armada Howard, Charles | |
| Effingham orders an indirect strategy of harassing the Spanish fleet rather than attacking them directly
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| 12th Aug Howard calls a halt to the chase in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland but ut by that point, the Spanish are suffering from thirst and exhaustion, the only option left to Sidonia is to chart a course home to Spain, along the Atlantic
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| Spanish Armada Baz n, Elvaro de | |
| May The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de Baz n, but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place
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| Spanish Armada Perez de Guzman, Alonso | |
| Kent Hopes to march through Kent to London & wait for a Catholic rising
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| Margate Plans to join Parma at the "Cape of Margate" & carry his army from Flanders to England
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| Spanish Armada Philip II | |
| At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parma's army & invade south east England
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| The Armada is attacked by 200 English ships, assisted by the Dutch navy, in the North Sea at Gravelines, a fire-ship attack drives the Armada ships from their anchorage, and in the ensuing battle the Spanish abandon their rendezvous with Parma
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| The Armada is blown north up the east coast of England and attempts a return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and out into the Atlantic, past Ireland but very severe weather destroys a portion of the fleet, and more than 24 vessels are wrecked
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| The Armada is sent to suppress English support for the United Provinces, part of the Spanish Netherlands, and to cut off attacks against Spanish possessions in the New World and the Atlantic treasure fleets
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| The expedition is supported by Pope Sixtus V, with the promise of a subsidy should it make land
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| May The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de Baz n, but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place
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| 28th May An army of 30,000 men atands in the Spanish Netherlands waiting for the fleet to arrive, the plan is to land the original force in Plymouth and transfer the land army to somewhere near London, mustering 55,000 men
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| 28th May The Armada, with around 130 ships, 8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers, 1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns, sets sail from Lisbon in Portugal, heading for the English Channel
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| 30th May It takes until May 30 for all of the Armada to leave port and, on the same day, Elizabeth's ambassador in the Netherlands, Dr Valentine Dale, meets Parma's representatives to begin peace negotiations
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| 17th July Peace negotiations are abandoned
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| Spanish Armada Sidonia, Medina | |
| At the outset Sidonia has 128 warships and 2 converted merchant ships under his command, the plan is to sail through the English Channel and anchor off the coast of Flanders unite with the Duke of Parma's army & invade south east England
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| On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma
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| The Armada is blown north up the east coast of England and attempts a return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and out into the Atlantic, past Ireland but very severe weather destroys a portion of the fleet, and more than 24 vessels are wrecked
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| May The fleet was to be commanded by the highly experienced Elvaro de Baz n, but he died in May 1588, a few months before the sailing date, and Medina Sidonia is appointed in his place
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| 28th May An army of 30,000 men atands in the Spanish Netherlands waiting for the fleet to arrive, the plan is to land the original force in Plymouth and transfer the land army to somewhere near London, mustering 55,000 men
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| 28th May The Armada, with around 130 ships, 8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers, 1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns, sets sail from Lisbon in Portugal, heading for the English Channel
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| 30th July Dodman Point First sights the English Fleet off Dodman Point
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| 6th Aug Calais Anchors off Calais Roads ready to rendezvous with Parma, as instructed
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| 6th Aug Calais The Armada is attacked by 200 English ships, assisted by the Dutch navy, in the North Sea at Gravelines, a fire-ship attack drives the Armada ships from their anchorage, and in the ensuing battle the Spanish abandon their rendezvous with Parma
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| 7th Aug The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful
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| 7th Aug Dunkirk Informed by from Parma that the "Great Enterprise" is hopeless
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| 7th Aug Dunkirk Parma is trapped in Dunkirk by a shallow harbour
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| 12th Aug Howard calls a halt to the chase in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland but ut by that point, the Spanish are suffering from thirst and exhaustion, the only option left to Sidonia is to chart a course home to Spain, along the Atlantic
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| 12th Aug Firth of Forth The Spanish fleet sails past the Firth of Forth, and the English cease their pursuit, much of the Spanish fleet is destroyed as it sails around Scotland and Ireland
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| Succession Christian IV |  |
| Succeeds as King of Denmark & Norway
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