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| Abdication Ferdinand I | |
| Augsburg Ferdinand I becomes Emperor & rules over Austria, Hungary & Bohemia |
| Abdication Charles V | |
| Charles V fails in battle & is forced to sign the Peace of Vaucelles then abdicates |
| Charles V's brother succeeds as Emperor & his son Philip II succeeds in Spain |
| Ferdinand I becomes Emperor & rules Austria, Hungary & Bohemia |
| Philip II retains Spain, Italy & The Netherlands |
| Vaucelles Charles V fails in battle & is forced to sign the Peace of Vaucelles then abdicates |
| Abdication Philip II | |
| Philip II retains Spain, Italy & The Netherlands |
| Archbishop of Canterbury Pole, Reginald | |
| Canterbury Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury |
| Arrest Ashley, Kat | |
| May Tower of London Arrested for plotting against Mary I |
| Arrest Verney, Francis | |
| June Tower of London Arrested for plotting against Mary I, convicted of treason but pardoned |
| Arrest Castiglione, Baptista | |
| May Tower of London Arrested for plotting against Mary I |
| Battle at Panipat, 2nd Akbar I the Great | |
| 5th Nov Panipat Emperor Akbar defeats the Hindus in a 2nd Battle at Panipat and secures control of the Mogul Empire |
| Battle of Panipat, 2nd Akbar I the Great | |
| Panipat The Shah's army led by Bairam Khan defeats Hemu |
| Battle of Panipat, 2nd Hemu | |
| Panipat The Shah's army led by Bairam Khan defeats Hemu |
| Battle of Panipat, 2nd Khan, Bairam | |
| Panipat The Shah's army led by Bairam Khan defeats Hemu |
| Capture of Astrakhan Ivan IV the Terrible | |
| Astrakhan Captures Astrakhan |
| Capture of Kazan Ivan IV the Terrible | |
| Kazan Captures Kazan |
| Consecration Pole, Reginald | |
| 22nd Mar Canterbury Consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury |
| Constitution Philip II | |
| Madrid Given the Government of Spain |
| Death Cranmer, Thomas | |
| 21st Mar London Death of Thomas Cranmer |
| Death Pope, Thomas | |
| Padua Death of Edward Courtenay Earl of Devon, popular candidate as a husband for Elizabeth |
| Death Akbar I the Great | |
| Panipat Humayun, son of Babur, falls down the library steps in Purana Qila and dies, putting his 14-year-old son, Akbar, on the throne |
| Death Humayun | |
| Humayun, son of Babur, falls down the library steps in Purana Qila and dies, putting his 14-year-old son, Akbar, on the throne |
| Declaration of War Philip II | |
| Nov Spain & France go to war |
| Disaster Jiajing | |
| 23rd Jan Yellow River About 830,000 perish after earthquakes cause the Yellow & Wei rivers to flood |
| 23rd Jan Yellow River The World's worst ever disaster, 830,000 perish |
| Earthquake Jiajing | |
| 23rd Jan Wei River About 830,000 perish after earthquakes cause the Yellow & Wei rivers to flood |
| Execution of Cranmer Cranmer, Thomas | |
| 21st Mar London Burnt at the stake by Mary I |
| 21st Mar London Holds his hand in the fire which signed the annulment of Henry VIII from Catherine |
| Lord Chancellor Heath, Nicholas | |
| 1st Jan Appointed Lord Chancellor |
| Lord High Admiral Hepburn, James | |
| Appointed Lord High Admiral |
| Lord Privy Seal Paget | |
| Appointed Lord Privy Seal |
| Marriage Elizabeth I | |
| Nov Elizabeth is summoned to court by Mary to marry Emmanuel Philibert |
| 3rd Dec Mary sends Elizabeth back to Hatfield after she refuses to marry Emmanuel Philibert |
| Marriage Mary I | |
| Nov Elizabeth is summoned to court by Mary to marry Emmanuel Philibert |
| 3rd Dec Mary sends Elizabeth back to Hatfield after she refuses to marry Emmanuel Philibert |
| Marriage Pope, Thomas | |
| London Mary I asks Princess Elizabeth to marry the Duke of Savoy but she refuses |
| Peace Charles V | |
| Vaucelles Charles V fails in battle & is forced to sign the Peace of Vaucelles then abdicates |
| Peerage Hepburn, James | |
| Bothwell Created Earl of Bothwell, 4th |
| Plot Ashley, Kat | |
| May Tower of London Arrested for plotting against Mary I |
| Plot Elizabeth I | |
| Jan The plot is betrayed to Cardinal Pole & the plotters are arrested & put in the Tower |
| June A failed plot to replace Mary with Elizabeth |
| Plot Mary I | |
| Jan The plot is betrayed to Cardinal Pole & the plotters are arrested & put in the Tower |
| June A failed plot to replace Mary with Elizabeth |
| Plot Pole, Reginald | |
| Jan The plot is betrayed to Cardinal Pole & the plotters are arrested & put in the Tower |
| Plot Pope, Thomas | |
| Hatfield Mary I sends Pope to Hatfield to keep an eye on Elizabeth |
| Plot Verney, Francis | |
| June Tower of London Arrested for plotting against Mary I, convicted of treason but pardoned |
| Plot Castiglione, Baptista | |
| May Tower of London Arrested for plotting against Mary I |
| Pope Pius V | |
| Nepi Appointed Bishop of Nepi & Sutri |
| Rebellion Akbar I the Great | |
| Panipat The Shah's army led by Bairam Khan defeats Hemu |
| Rebellion Humayun | |
| Panipat The Shah's army led by Bairam Khan defeats Hemu |
| Rebellion Philip II | |
| Madrid Jesuits begin a Counter-Reformation, alienating Protestants & Catholics |
| Reform Stewart, James | |
| James Stewart joins the Reformers |
| Rule of Mogul Empire Akbar I the Great | |
| 5th Nov Panipat Emperor Akbar defeats the Hindus in a 2nd Battle at Panipat and secures control of the Mogul Empire |
| Succession Akbar I the Great | |
| Succeeds as Shah of India |
| Succession Philip II | |
| Madrid Succeeds as King of Spain, only son of Emperor Charles V & Isabella of Portugal |
| Treaty of Vaucelles Charles V | |
| Vaucelles Charles V fails in battle & is forced to sign the Peace of Vaucelles then abdicates |
| Warden Scottish Marshes Hepburn, James | |
| Appointed Warden of the Scottish Marshes |